Context > History > Israel, Judah, and Yehud

Bronze Age

• Adde Praeputium Praeputio Magnus Acervus Erit: If the Exodus and Conquest Had Really Happened - by Lester L. Grabbe, Biblical Intepretation 8.1 (2000) 23-32
• Let My People Go and Go and Go - by Abraham Malamat, Biblical Archaeology Review (Jan./Feb. 1998)
• The Exodus in Biblical Memory - by Ronald Hendel, Journal of Biblical Literature 120 (2001) 601-622
• The Victory Song of Merneptah, Israel and the People of Palestine - by Ingrid Hjelm and Thomas L. Thompson, Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 27.1 (2002) 3-18; abstract with full text options for subscribers

Iron Age I

• Ethnicity and Origin of the Iron I Settlers in the Highlands of Canaan: Can the Real Israel Stand Up? - by Israel Finkelstein, Biblical Archaeologist 59.4 (1996) 198-212
• Excavating Hazor, Part II: Did the Israelites Destroy the Canaanite City? - by Amnon Ben-Tor and Maria Teresa Rubiato, Biblical Archaeology Review (May/June 1999)
• 'Israel Is Laid Waste, His Seed Is No More': What If Merneptah's Scribes Were Telling the Truth? - by Keith W. Whitelam, Biblical Interpretation 8.1 (2000) 8-22
• Max Weber, George Mendenhall und das sogennante Revolutionsmodell für die “Landnahme” Israels - by Siegfried Kreuzer; original version appeared in Peter Mommer and Winfried Thiel, eds., Altes Testament. Forschung und Wirkung, Festschrift für Henning Graf Reventlow (Peter Lang, 1994) 283-305
• Origins Revisited: Refining the Theory of Conquest before It's Too Late (PDF) - by Neil Soggie, Journal of Biblical Studies 3.1 (2003)
• Testing the Factuality of the Conquest of Ai Narrative in the Book of Joshua - by Peter Briggs, Global Journal of Classical Theology 3.3 (2003)
• The Date of the Conquest - by Bruce K. Waltke, Westminster Theological Journal 52 (1990) 181-200
• The Late Bronze/Early Iron Age Transition and the Emergence of Israel - by Eugene H. Merrill, Bibliotheca Sacra 152 (1995) 145-162
• The Origins of Israel in Canaan: An Examination of Recent Theories - by John J. Bimson, Themelios 15.1 (1989) 4-15
• The Rise of Jerusalem and Judah: The Missing Link - by Israel Finkelstein, Levant 33 (2001); abstract
• Save Us from Postmodern Malarkey - by William G. Dever, Biblical Archaeology Review (March/Apr. 2000)

Iron Age II

• Aram and Israel during the reigns of Omri and Ahab reconsidered - by D N Pienaar, Journal of Semitics 6/1; abstract only
• Did King Jehu Kill His Own Family? - unsigned article in Biblical Archaeology Review (Jan./Feb. 1995)
• Excavating Hazor, Part I: Solomon's City Rises from the Ashes - by Amnon Ben-Tor, Biblical Archaeology Review (March/Apr. 1999)
• Filling In Historical Gaps: How Did Joram Really Die?, or, The Invention of Militarism - by Ernst Axel Knauf, Biblical Intepretation 8.1 (2000) 59-69
• How We Know When Solomon Ruled - by Kenneth A. Kitchen, Biblical Archaeology Review (Sept./Oct. 2001)
• Israel, Assyrian Hegemony, and Some Considerations about Virtual Israelite History - by Ehud Ben Zvi, Biblical Interpretation 8.1 (2000) 70-87
• Jerusalem, the Late Judahite Monarchy, and the Composition of the Biblical Texts - by William M. Schniedewind, pp. 375-393 in Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Periodi (ed. Andrew G. Vaughn and Ann E. Killebrew; Scholars Press, 2003)
• Shalmaneser III and the Levantine States: The "Damascus Coalition Rebellion" - by A. Kirk Grayson, Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 5.4 (2004)
• Shalmaneser III in the West (French | English) - by Gershon Galil, Revue Biblique 109.1 (2002) 40-56; abstract only
• So how did Jehoiakim die? - by E J Smit, Journal of Semitics 6/1 (1994); abstract only
• The Historical Background to the Conquest of Samaria (720 BC) - by N. Na'aman, Biblica 71 (1990); abstract
• The Loss of Armageddon, or, 621 and All That: Biblical Fiction, Biblical History, and the Rewritten Bible - by Robert P. Carroll, Biblical Interpretation 8.1 (2000) 104-114
• The Origin of Biblical Israel - by Philip R. Davies, Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 5.17 (2005)
• The Tel Dan Stele: New Light on Aramaic and Jehu's Revolt - by William M. Schniedewind, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 302 (1996) 105-107
• Tiglath-Pileser III's Campaigns in 743-732 B.C.: Historical Background of Isa 7; 2 Kgs 15-16 and 2 Chr 27-28 - by Peter Dubovsky, Biblica 87.2 (2006) 153-170
• Two Assyrian Campaigns against Hezekiah and Later Eighth Century Biblical Chronology - by J. Goldberg, Biblica 80 (1999); full text
• What If We Had No Accounts of Sennacherib's Third Campaign or the Palace Reliefs Depicting His Capture of Lachish? - by Diana Edelman, Biblical Interpretation 8.1 (2000) 88-103
• What If Zedekiah Had Remained Loyal to His Master? - by Niels Peter Lemche, Biblical Interpretation 8.1 (2000) 115-128
• What’s in a Name? Neo-Assyrian Designations for the Northern Kingdom and Their Implications for Israelite History and Biblical Interpretation - by Brad E. Kelle, Journal of Biblical Literature 121.4 (2002) 639-666
• When Was the First Temple Destroyed, According to the Bible? - by Michael Avioz, Biblica 84 (2003) 562-565

Persian Period

• A Case of Benign Imperial Neglect and Its Consequences - by Joseph Blenkinsopp, Biblical Interpretation 8.1 (2000) 129-136 [iTanakh editor's note: this article is an exercise in counterfactual "virtual history"]
• Biblical Literature and the Emergence of Ancient Jewish Nationalism - by Stuart D. E. Weeks, Biblical Interpretation 10.2 (2002) 144-157; abstract with full text options for subscribers
• Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Zion: A Study in the Early History of the Samaritans and Jews - by Gary N. Knoppers, Canadian Society of Biblical Studies/Sociéte canadienne des Études bibliques Bulletin 64 (2004-05) 5-32
• The Social Context of Law in the Second Temple Period - by Victor H. Matthews, Biblical Theology Bulletin 28.1 (1998); abstract only

Hellenistic Period

• Überlegungen zur defectio der östlichen Satrapien vom Seleucidenreich - by Andreas Luther, Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft 2 (1999)

Miscellaneous Articles and Essays

• Deconstructing the Walls of Jericho - by Ze'ev Herzog, Ha'aretz (Oct. 29, 1999)
• EA 288 and Biblical Historiography - by Zecharia Kallai, Revue Biblique 108 (2001) 5-20; abstract
• Herzog's Attack on the Bible Unjustified - letter to the editor of Ha'aretz (Nov. 5, 1999) by Hershel Shanks
• The History of Israel in the Current Research - by A. J. Da Silva, Journal of Biblical Studies 1.2 (2001)
• Nuovi svillupi nello studio della storia dell'Israele Biblico - by Mario Liverani, Biblica 80 (1999); full text (1994)
• On the Problems of Reconstructing Pre-Hellenistic Israelite (Palestinian) History - by Niels Peter Lemche, Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 3 (2000-01); abstract and full text
• Towards a New History of Israel - by Jan-Wim Wesselius, Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 3 (2000); abstract and full text

Reference Works

• A Handful of Key Dates in Biblical History - by Lyle Eslinger, University of Calgary
• Chronologies of the Hebrew Monarchies - by Lyle Eslinger, University of Calgary
• Internet Jewish History Sourcebook - hosted by Fordham University
• The Chronology of Israel: Post-Exile - 1st c. CE - by Lyle Eslinger, University of Calgary

See also Methods > Historiography.

See also names of specific biblical characters in the relevant book listing under Texts > Tanakh.

Book Reviews

• Albertz, Rainer and Bob Becking, eds., Yahwism after the Exile: Perspectives on Israelite Religion in the Persian Era: Papers Read at the First Meeting of the European Association for Biblical Studies, Utrecht, 6-9 August, 2000 (Van Gorcum, 2003)
  • Reviewed by R. Christopher Heard, Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 4 (2002-2003)
  • Reviewed by Thomas C. Romer, Review of Biblical Literature (2003)
• Alkier, Stefan and Markus Witte, eds., Die Griechen und das antike Israel: Interdisziplinäre Studien zur Religions- und Kulturgeschichte des Heiligen Landes (Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht/Academic Press, 2004) - reviewed by Albert de Pury, Review of Biblical Literature (2005)
• Ash, Paul S., David, Solomon, and Egypt: A Reassessment (Sheffield Academic Press, 1999) - reviewed by Mark W. Chavalas, Review of Biblical Literature
• Barton, John and David Reimer, eds., After the Exile: Essays in Honour of Rex Mason (Mercer University Press/Kok Pharos, 1996) - reviewed by Gary N. Knoppers, Review of Biblical Literature
• Day, John, ed. In Search of Pre-Exilic Israel (T&T Clark, 2004)
  • Reviewed by Joseph Cathey, Review of Biblical Literature (2005)
  • Reviewed by Lester Grabbe, Review of Biblical Literature (2005)
• Dever, William G., What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? (Eerdmans, 2003) - reviewed by John Barclay Burns, Biblical Theology Bulletin (Summer 2002)
• Dever, William G., Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? (Eerdmans, 2003)
  • Reviewed by Ralph K. Hawkins, Biblical Theology Bulletin (Fall 2003)
  • Reviewed by John Barclay Burns, Biblical Theology Bulletin (Spring 2004)
  • Reviewed by Ralph W. Klein, Currents in Theology and Mission (June 2005)
• Edelman, Diana, The Origins of the 'Second' Temple: Persian Imperial Policy and the Rebuilding of Jerusalem (Equinox, 2005) - reviewed by Albert Hogeterp, Review of Biblical Literature (2006)
• Gallagher, William R., Sennacherib's Campaign to Judah, New Studies (Brill, 1999) - reviewed by J. J. M. Roberts, Review of Biblical Literature
• Grabbe, Lester L., "Like a Bird in a Cage": The Invasion of Sennacherib in 701 BCE (Sheffield/Continuum, 2003) - reviewed by Ralph W. Klein, Currents in Theology and Mission (February 2005)
• Koenen, Klaus, Bethel: Geschichte, Kult, und Theologie (Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2003) - reviewed by Axel Knauf, Review of Biblical Literature (2004)
• Lipschits, Oded and Joseph Blenkinsopp, eds., Judah and the Judeans in the Neo-Babylonian Period (Eisenbrauns, 2003)
  • Reviewed by Bob Becking, Review of Biblical LIterature (2004)
  • Reviewed by John Kessler, Review of Biblical Literature (2004)
• Lipschits, Oded, The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem: Judah under Babylonian Rule (Eisenbrauns, 2005)
  • Reviewed by Diana Edelman, Review of Biblical Literature (2006)
  • Reviewed by Dierdre Fulton, Review of Biblical Literature (2006)
  • Reviewed by Rainer Albertz, Review of Biblical Literature (2006)
• Liverani, Mario, Israel's History and the History of Israel (trans. Chiara Peri and Philip R. Davies; Equinox, 2006) - reviewed by Nadav Na'aman, Review of Biblical Literature (2006)
• Malamat, Avraham, The History of Biblical Israel--Major Problems and Minor Issues - reviewed by Hershel Shanks, Biblical Archaeology Review (July/August 2001)
• Matthews, Victor H., A Brief History of Ancient Israel (Westminster John Knox, 2002) - reviewed by Ralph W. Klein, Currents in Theology and Mission (October 2004)
• Noll, K. L., Canaan and Israel in Antiquity: An Introduction (Sheffield, 2001) - reviewed by Bob Becking, Review of Biblical Literature (2003)
• Provan, Iain, V. Phillips Long, and Tremper Longman III, A Biblical History of Israel (Westminster John Knox, 2003)
  • Reviewed by Lester Grabbe, Review of Biblical Literature (2004)
  • Reviewed by David Firth, Review of Biblical Literature (2004)
  • Reviewed by Ralph W. Klein, Currents in Theology and Mission (June 2005)
• Sacchi, Paolo, The History of the Second Temple Period (Sheffield Academic Press, 2000)
  • Reviewed by Kenneth G. Stenstrup, Review of Biblical Literature (2001)
  • Reviewed by Gerbern S. Oegema, Review of Biblical Literature (2003)
• Cahill, Thomas, The Gifts of the Jews: How a Tribe of Desert Nomads Changed the Way Everyone Thinks and Feels (Doubleday, 1998) - reviewed by Shelley Schiff, Cross Currents (Winter 1998)
• Sweeney, Marvin A., King Josiah of Judah: The Lost Messiah of Israel (Oxford, 2001) - reviewed by Steven L. McKenzie, Review of Biblical Literature (2003)